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Zeile 34: Zeile 34:
* C-Code (Arduino-Style) zum Auslesen des Sensors und Versenden des Ergebnisses per LoRaWAN
* C-Code (Arduino-Style) zum Auslesen des Sensors und Versenden des Ergebnisses per LoRaWAN
* InfluxDB und Grafana [[Datei:mq135messwerte.png|mini|Verlauf der Sensor-Messwerte vom MQ-135]]
* InfluxDB und Grafana [[Datei:mq135messwerte.png|mini|Verlauf der Sensor-Messwerte vom MQ-135]]

<syntaxhighlight lang="c">

#include <Arduino.h>

#include <U8g2lib.h>
//https://github.com/olikraus/u8g2

#include "esp_system.h"

#include <lmic.h>
#include <hal/hal.h>
#include <SPI.h>

#ifdef U8X8_HAVE_HW_I2C
#include <Wire.h>
#endif

// LoRaWAN NwkSKey, network session key
// This is the default Semtech key, which is used by the prototype TTN
// network initially.
static const PROGMEM u1_t NWKSKEY[16] = { 0x2B, 0x7E, 0x15, 0x16, 0x28, 0xAE, 0xD2, 0xA6, 0xAB, 0xF7, 0x15, 0x88, 0x09, 0xCF, 0x4F, 0x3C };

// LoRaWAN AppSKey, application session key
// This is the default Semtech key, which is used by the prototype TTN
// network initially.
static const u1_t PROGMEM APPSKEY[16] = { 0x2B, 0x7E, 0x15, 0x16, 0x28, 0xAE, 0xD2, 0xA6, 0xAB, 0xF7, 0x15, 0x88, 0x09, 0xCF, 0x4F, 0x3C };

// LoRaWAN end-device address (DevAddr)
// See http://thethingsnetwork.org/wiki/AddressSpace
static const u4_t DEVADDR = 0x03FF0001 ; // <-- Change this address for every node!

int sensorPin = 34; // select the input pin for the potentiometer
int ledPin = 25; // select the pin for the LED
int sensorValue = 0; // variable to store the value coming from the sensor
int counter = 0;

// These callbacks are only used in over-the-air activation, so they are
// left empty here (we cannot leave them out completely unless
// DISABLE_JOIN is set in config.h, otherwise the linker will complain).
void os_getArtEui (u1_t* buf) { }
void os_getDevEui (u1_t* buf) { }
void os_getDevKey (u1_t* buf) { }

uint8_t mydata[] = "Empty";
static osjob_t sendjob;

// Schedule TX every this many seconds (might become longer due to duty
// cycle limitations).
const unsigned TX_INTERVAL = 60;

// Pin mapping
const lmic_pinmap lmic_pins = {
.nss = 6,
.rxtx = LMIC_UNUSED_PIN,
.rst = 5,
.dio = {2, 3, 4},
};

void onEvent (ev_t ev) {
Serial.print(os_getTime());
Serial.print(": ");
switch(ev) {
case EV_SCAN_TIMEOUT:
Serial.println(F("EV_SCAN_TIMEOUT"));
break;
case EV_BEACON_FOUND:
Serial.println(F("EV_BEACON_FOUND"));
break;
case EV_BEACON_MISSED:
Serial.println(F("EV_BEACON_MISSED"));
break;
case EV_BEACON_TRACKED:
Serial.println(F("EV_BEACON_TRACKED"));
break;
case EV_JOINING:
Serial.println(F("EV_JOINING"));
break;
case EV_JOINED:
Serial.println(F("EV_JOINED"));
break;
case EV_RFU1:
Serial.println(F("EV_RFU1"));
break;
case EV_JOIN_FAILED:
Serial.println(F("EV_JOIN_FAILED"));
break;
case EV_REJOIN_FAILED:
Serial.println(F("EV_REJOIN_FAILED"));
break;
break;
case EV_TXCOMPLETE:
Serial.println(F("EV_TXCOMPLETE (includes waiting for RX windows)"));
if(LMIC.dataLen) {
// data received in rx slot after tx
Serial.print(F("Data Received: "));
Serial.write(LMIC.frame+LMIC.dataBeg, LMIC.dataLen);
Serial.println();
}
// Schedule next transmission
os_setTimedCallback(&sendjob, os_getTime()+sec2osticks(TX_INTERVAL), do_send);
break;
case EV_LOST_TSYNC:
Serial.println(F("EV_LOST_TSYNC"));
break;
case EV_RESET:
Serial.println(F("EV_RESET"));
break;
case EV_RXCOMPLETE:
// data received in ping slot
Serial.println(F("EV_RXCOMPLETE"));
break;
case EV_LINK_DEAD:
Serial.println(F("EV_LINK_DEAD"));
break;
case EV_LINK_ALIVE:
Serial.println(F("EV_LINK_ALIVE"));
break;
default:
Serial.println(F("Unknown event"));
break;
}
}

void do_send(osjob_t* j){
// Check if there is not a current TX/RX job running
if (LMIC.opmode & OP_TXRXPEND) {
Serial.println(F("OP_TXRXPEND, not sending"));
} else {
// Prepare upstream data transmission at the next possible time.
LMIC_setTxData2(1, mydata, sizeof(mydata)-1, 0);
Serial.println(F("Packet queued"));
}
// Next TX is scheduled after TX_COMPLETE event.
}


/*
U8glib Example Overview:
Frame Buffer Examples: clearBuffer/sendBuffer. Fast, but may not work with all Arduino boards because of RAM consumption
Page Buffer Examples: firstPage/nextPage. Less RAM usage, should work with all Arduino boards.
U8x8 Text Only Example: No RAM usage, direct communication with display controller. No graphics, 8x8 Text only.
*/

// U8g2 Contructor List (Frame Buffer)
// The complete list is available here: https://github.com/olikraus/u8g2/wiki/u8g2setupcpp

U8G2_SSD1306_128X64_NONAME_F_SW_I2C u8g2(U8G2_R0, /* clock=*/ 15, /* data=*/ 4, /* reset=*/ 16);

void u8g2_prepare(void) {
u8g2.setFont(u8g2_font_6x10_tf);
//https://github.com/olikraus/u8g2/wiki/fntgrpx11
u8g2.setFontRefHeightExtendedText();
u8g2.setDrawColor(1);
u8g2.setFontPosTop();
u8g2.setFontDirection(0);
}

#define opennetlogobw_width 64
#define opennetlogobw_height 64
static unsigned char opennetlogobw_bits[] = {
0x00, 0x00, 0x80, 0xff, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0x07,
0xfc, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0xe0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x78, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0xc0, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0e, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0xff,
0x3f, 0x00, 0x70, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0x00, 0xf0, 0x03, 0xc0, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x0f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0f, 0x80, 0x01, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x01, 0x00,
0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x06,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80, 0x03, 0x1c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfc,
0x03, 0x00, 0x06, 0x38, 0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0xff, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x30,
0x00, 0x00, 0x78, 0x00, 0xe0, 0x01, 0x38, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0e, 0x00,
0x00, 0x07, 0x60, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1c, 0xc0, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x30, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0xe0, 0x80, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x07, 0x80, 0x01, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x07, 0x3c, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x00,
0xe0, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80, 0x01, 0x06, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x0c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x18, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x07, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x06,
0x1c, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x78, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x01, 0x80, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x03,
0xc0, 0x3f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x07, 0xe0, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0x07, 0xe0, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0xff, 0x07,
0xe0, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0xfe, 0x03, 0xe0, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x0c, 0xfc, 0x03, 0xe0, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x38, 0xf0, 0x00,
0xc0, 0x3f, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x78, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x06, 0xc0, 0x00,
0x00, 0xf0, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x00, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf0, 0x07, 0x10,
0x1e, 0x00, 0x78, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 0x3f, 0x0f, 0xf8, 0x07, 0x7e, 0x00,
0x00, 0xe0, 0xff, 0x07, 0xf0, 0xff, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 0xff, 0x07,
0xc0, 0xff, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 0xff, 0x03, 0x80, 0xff, 0x3f, 0x00,
0x00, 0xe0, 0xff, 0x01, 0x00, 0xff, 0x3f, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf0, 0xff, 0x01,
0x00, 0xfe, 0x3f, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf8, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x3f, 0x00,
0x00, 0xfe, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x80, 0xff, 0xff, 0x00,
0x00, 0xfc, 0x7f, 0x00, 0xe0, 0x03, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0xff, 0x00,
0x04, 0x00, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfe, 0xff, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xf0, 0x00,
0x00, 0xff, 0xff, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3f, 0xe0, 0x01,
0x00, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x80, 0x0f, 0x80, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00,
0xc0, 0x03, 0x00, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80, 0x00, 0xe0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x08,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };


void u8g2_bitmap_modes(uint8_t transparent) {
const uint8_t frame_size = 24;

u8g2.setDrawColor(1);// Black
u8g2.drawXBMP(0, 0, opennetlogobw_width, opennetlogobw_height, opennetlogobw_bits);
}

void draw(void) {
u8g2_prepare();
u8g2_bitmap_modes(0);
}


void setup(void) {
u8g2.begin();
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(sensorPin, INPUT);
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.println("Programm gestartet!");

#ifdef VCC_ENABLE
// For Pinoccio Scout boards
pinMode(VCC_ENABLE, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(VCC_ENABLE, HIGH);
delay(1000);
#endif

// LMIC init
os_init();
// Reset the MAC state. Session and pending data transfers will be discarded.
LMIC_reset();

// Set static session parameters. Instead of dynamically establishing a session
// by joining the network, precomputed session parameters are be provided.
#ifdef PROGMEM
// On AVR, these values are stored in flash and only copied to RAM
// once. Copy them to a temporary buffer here, LMIC_setSession will
// copy them into a buffer of its own again.
uint8_t appskey[sizeof(APPSKEY)];
uint8_t nwkskey[sizeof(NWKSKEY)];
memcpy_P(appskey, APPSKEY, sizeof(APPSKEY));
memcpy_P(nwkskey, NWKSKEY, sizeof(NWKSKEY));
LMIC_setSession (0x1, DEVADDR, nwkskey, appskey);
#else
// If not running an AVR with PROGMEM, just use the arrays directly
LMIC_setSession (0x1, DEVADDR, NWKSKEY, APPSKEY);
#endif

// Set up the channels used by the Things Network, which corresponds
// to the defaults of most gateways. Without this, only three base
// channels from the LoRaWAN specification are used, which certainly
// works, so it is good for debugging, but can overload those
// frequencies, so be sure to configure the full frequency range of
// your network here (unless your network autoconfigures them).
// Setting up channels should happen after LMIC_setSession, as that
// configures the minimal channel set.
LMIC_setupChannel(0, 868100000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
LMIC_setupChannel(1, 868300000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7B), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
LMIC_setupChannel(2, 868500000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
LMIC_setupChannel(3, 867100000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
LMIC_setupChannel(4, 867300000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
LMIC_setupChannel(5, 867500000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
LMIC_setupChannel(6, 867700000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
LMIC_setupChannel(7, 867900000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_SF12, DR_SF7), BAND_CENTI); // g-band
LMIC_setupChannel(8, 868800000, DR_RANGE_MAP(DR_FSK, DR_FSK), BAND_MILLI); // g2-band
// TTN defines an additional channel at 869.525Mhz using SF9 for class B
// devices' ping slots. LMIC does not have an easy way to define set this
// frequency and support for class B is spotty and untested, so this
// frequency is not configured here.

// Disable link check validation
LMIC_setLinkCheckMode(0);

// Set data rate and transmit power (note: txpow seems to be ignored by the library)
LMIC_setDrTxpow(DR_SF7,14);

// Start job
do_send(&sendjob);
}

void loop(void) {
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
u8g2.clearBuffer();
draw();
sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin);
u8g2.setFont(u8g2_font_6x10_tf);
char c[64];
String str;
str = String(sensorValue);
Serial.println(str);
str.getBytes(mydata, 64);
// mydata will be sent in do_send() which is also called in case we receive a EV_TXCOMPLETE event
str.toCharArray(c, 64);
u8g2.drawStr(75,0, "Sensor");
u8g2.drawStr(75,10, "readout:");
u8g2.drawStr(75,20, c);
u8g2.drawStr(75,34, "LoRaWAN");
u8g2.drawStr(75,44, "message");
str = String(counter);
Serial.println(str);
str.toCharArray(c, 64);
u8g2.drawStr(75,54, c);
counter++;
u8g2.sendBuffer();
delay(2500);
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
delay(2500);
}
</syntaxhighlight>

Version vom 2. April 2018, 20:30 Uhr

Anleitung für einen schnell zusammengebauten Sensor-Knoten mit LoRa-Interface

Hardware-Stückliste

Entwicklungsumgebung einrichten

Software

  • Hier fehlt noch viel - die Messwerte auf dem Bild stammen von einem MQ-135 an einem Raspberry PI
  • C-Code (Arduino-Style) zum Auslesen des Sensors und Versenden des Ergebnisses per LoRaWAN
  • InfluxDB und Grafana
    Verlauf der Sensor-Messwerte vom MQ-135
Abgerufen von „https://docs.opennet-initiative.de/index.php?title=LoRaSensor&oldid=32443“